箱(xiang)式(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，又叫預裝(zhuang)式(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)所或預裝(zhuang)式(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站。是(shi)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)高壓開(kai)關(guan)設(she)備、配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)和低(di)壓配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置，按一(yi)(yi)定接(jie)線方(fang)案排成(cheng)一(yi)(yi)體(ti)的(de)(de)工(gong)廠預制戶(hu)內、戶(hu)外緊湊式(shi)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)設(she)備，即將變(bian)(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)降壓、低(di)壓配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)等(deng)功能(neng)有機地(di)組(zu)合在(zai)一(yi)(yi)起，安裝(zhuang)在(zai)一(yi)(yi)個防(fang)(fang)潮、防(fang)(fang)銹、防(fang)(fang)塵、防(fang)(fang)鼠、防(fang)(fang)火、防(fang)(fang)盜、隔熱、全封閉、可(ke)移動的(de)(de)鋼(gang)結構箱(xiang)，特(te)別適用于城網建設(she)與改造，是(shi)繼土(tu)建變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站之(zhi)后崛(jue)起的(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)種(zhong)嶄新(xin)(xin)的(de)(de)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站。箱(xiang)式(shi)變(bian)(bian)(bian)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站適用于礦山(shan)、工(gong)廠企業、油氣(qi)田和風力發電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，它(ta)替代(dai)了原有的(de)(de)土(tu)建配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)房，配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)站，成(cheng)為新(xin)(xin)型的(de)(de)成(cheng)套變(bian)(bian)(bian)配(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置。

箱(xiang)式(shi)變(bian)(bian)電(dian)站(簡稱箱(xiang)變(bian)(bian))是一(yi)種把高壓(ya)開(kai)關設備配(pei)電(dian)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)，低壓(ya)開(kai)關設備，電(dian)能計量設備和(he)無(wu)功補償裝置(zhi)等按一(yi)定(ding)的(de)接線(xian)方案(an)組合在一(yi)個或幾個箱(xiang)體內(nei)的(de)緊湊型(xing)成套配(pei)電(dian)裝置(zhi)。它適用于額定(ding)電(dian)壓(ya)10/0.4KV三相(xiang)交流(liu)系統中，作(zuo)為線(xian)路和(he)分配(pei)電(dian)能之(zhi)用。
與同容量的(de)歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)相比較，美(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)的(de)結構(gou)更為(wei)合理。由于歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)是(shi)(shi)將(jiang)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)及普(pu)通(tong)的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)電器(qi)(qi)設(she)備(bei)裝于同一個金(jin)屬外殼箱(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)中，變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)室(shi)溫很高(gao)(gao)(gao)，引起散(san)熱困難，影響出力;另(ling)一方面(mian)在箱(xiang)(xiang)體(ti)中采用普(pu)通(tong)的(de)高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)負(fu)荷開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)和熔斷器(qi)(qi)、低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)柜，所以歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)體(ti)積(ji)較大。美(mei)式(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)與歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)結構(gou)上(shang)不(bu)一樣(yang)。從布(bu)置(zhi)上(shang)看，其低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)室(shi)、變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)室(shi)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)室(shi)不(bu)是(shi)(shi)目字型(xing)布(bu)置(zhi)，而(er)是(shi)(shi)品字型(xing)布(bu)置(zhi)。從結構(gou)上(shang)看，這種箱(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)分為(wei)前、后兩部分前面(mian)為(wei)高(gao)(gao)(gao)、低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)操(cao)作(zuo)間(jian)隔，操(cao)作(zuo)間(jian)隔內(nei)包(bao)括高(gao)(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)接線端子，負(fu)荷開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)操(cao)作(zuo)柄，無載調壓(ya)(ya)分節開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)，插入式(shi)(shi)(shi)熔斷器(qi)(qi)，油(you)位(wei)計等(deng);后部為(wei)注油(you)箱(xiang)(xiang)及散(san)熱片，將(jiang)變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)繞組(zu)、鐵芯、高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)負(fu)荷開(kai)(kai)關(guan)(guan)(guan)和熔斷器(qi)(qi)放入變(bian)(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器(qi)(qi)油(you)箱(xiang)(xiang)中。
避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)也采(cai)用(yong)油浸式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)金屬氧化(hua)(hua)物避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)取消油枕，采(cai)取油加(jia)氣(qi)(qi)隙體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)恒定原則設計密封(feng)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)油箱(xiang)(xiang)，油箱(xiang)(xiang)及(ji)(ji)散熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)暴露(lu)在空氣(qi)(qi)中，沒有散熱困難(nan)。低壓(ya)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)采(cai)用(yong)塑(su)(su)殼斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)作為(wei)(wei)主斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)及(ji)(ji)出線斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)。由于(yu)結構簡(jian)化(hua)(hua)，這種箱(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)站的(de)(de)(de)(de)占地面(mian)積(ji)和(he)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)大(da)(da)大(da)(da)減(jian)小，由于(yu)其(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)很小再加(jia)上(shang)只是一(yi)側(ce)(ce)開門，其(qi)所需占地面(mian)積(ji)僅是歐式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1/4，體(ti)(ti)(ti)積(ji)僅為(wei)(wei)同(tong)容量歐式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)1/5-1/3。美式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)高壓(ya)側(ce)(ce)采(cai)用(yong)熔斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)，低壓(ya)側(ce)(ce)采(cai)用(yong)塑(su)(su)殼自(zi)動(dong)空氣(qi)(qi)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)，與中國(guo)10kV配變(bian)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)相同(tong)。高壓(ya)熔斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)變(bian)壓(ya)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)內部(bu)故(gu)障(zhang)，自(zi)動(dong)空氣(qi)(qi)斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)低壓(ya)側(ce)(ce)線路(lu)(lu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)過電(dian)流、短路(lu)(lu)、欠電(dian)壓(ya)故(gu)障(zhang)。美式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)存在的(de)(de)(de)(de)缺點。由于(yu)負荷開關浸在油里，油被電(dian)弧碳化(hua)(hua)、分(fen)解，產生(sheng)乙炔等(deng)有害(hai)氣(qi)(qi)體(ti)(ti)(ti)，使得性(xing)能(neng)下(xia)降(jiang)，曾發生(sheng)事(shi)故(gu)。看不(bu)到明顯斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)開點，檢修不(bu)方便。因為(wei)(wei)美國(guo)低壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)及(ji)(ji)計量方式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)與中國(guo)不(bu)同(tong)，美式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)本身不(bu)帶(dai)低壓(ya)保(bao)(bao)(bao)護(hu)和(he)計量。為(wei)(wei)滿(man)足(zu)國(guo)內用(yong)戶的(de)(de)(de)(de)需要，國(guo)產箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)在低壓(ya)側(ce)(ce)加(jia)裝低壓(ya)配電(dian)柜。由于(yu)箱(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)變(bian)長期(qi)處于(yu)太(tai)陽的(de)(de)(de)(de)直曬下(xia)，影響(xiang)塑(su)(su)殼斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)散熱，使得斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)路(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)不(bu)能(neng)正常開斷(duan)(duan)(duan)(duan)負載及(ji)(ji)短路(lu)(lu)電(dian)流，易引發高壓(ya)側(ce)(ce)故(gu)障(zhang)。