箱式(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，又(you)叫(jiao)預裝(zhuang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)所或(huo)預裝(zhuang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。是一種(zhong)高壓(ya)開關設備、配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)變(bian)壓(ya)器和(he)低壓(ya)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置，按一定接線方案排成(cheng)一體的工(gong)廠預制戶內、戶外(wai)緊(jin)湊式(shi)(shi)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)設備，即(ji)將變(bian)壓(ya)器降(jiang)壓(ya)、低壓(ya)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)等功能(neng)有(you)機地組合(he)在一起，安裝(zhuang)在一個防(fang)潮(chao)、防(fang)銹、防(fang)塵、防(fang)鼠、防(fang)火、防(fang)盜、隔熱、全封閉、可移動的鋼結構箱，特別適用于(yu)城網建(jian)設與(yu)改造，是繼土建(jian)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)之后崛起的一種(zhong)嶄新(xin)的變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)。箱式(shi)(shi)變(bian)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)適用于(yu)礦(kuang)山(shan)、工(gong)廠企業、油氣田和(he)風力發電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，它替代了(le)原有(you)的土建(jian)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)房(fang)，配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)站(zhan)(zhan)(zhan)，成(cheng)為新(xin)型的成(cheng)套變(bian)配(pei)(pei)(pei)電(dian)(dian)裝(zhuang)置。

箱(xiang)式變(bian)電(dian)站(zhan)(簡(jian)稱(cheng)箱(xiang)變(bian))是一種(zhong)把高壓(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)關設(she)備(bei)(bei)配電(dian)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)器，低壓(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)關設(she)備(bei)(bei)，電(dian)能(neng)計量(liang)設(she)備(bei)(bei)和無功補(bu)償裝置(zhi)等按一定的接線(xian)方案組合在一個或幾(ji)個箱(xiang)體內的緊(jin)湊(cou)型成套配電(dian)裝置(zhi)。它適用(yong)于額(e)定電(dian)壓(ya)(ya)10/0.4KV三相交流系統中，作為線(xian)路和分(fen)配電(dian)能(neng)之用(yong)。
與(yu)同(tong)容量的歐式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)相比較，美式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)的結構(gou)(gou)(gou)更為合理。由于歐式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)是將(jiang)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)及(ji)普通的高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)電器(qi)設備裝于同(tong)一個(ge)金屬外殼箱(xiang)(xiang)體中(zhong)，變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)室(shi)溫很高(gao)(gao)(gao)，引起散熱(re)困難，影(ying)響(xiang)出力;另一方面(mian)在箱(xiang)(xiang)體中(zhong)采用普通的高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)和熔(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)、低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)柜，所以歐式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)體積較大(da)。美式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)與(yu)歐式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)結構(gou)(gou)(gou)上不(bu)一樣。從布置(zhi)上看(kan)，其低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)室(shi)、變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)室(shi)、高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)室(shi)不(bu)是目字(zi)型布置(zhi)，而是品字(zi)型布置(zhi)。從結構(gou)(gou)(gou)上看(kan)，這種(zhong)箱(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)分(fen)為前、后兩部(bu)(bu)分(fen)前面(mian)為高(gao)(gao)(gao)、低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)操(cao)作(zuo)間隔(ge)，操(cao)作(zuo)間隔(ge)內包括高(gao)(gao)(gao)低(di)(di)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)接線端(duan)子，負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)操(cao)作(zuo)柄，無載調壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)分(fen)節(jie)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)，插(cha)入式(shi)(shi)熔(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)，油位(wei)計等;后部(bu)(bu)為注油箱(xiang)(xiang)及(ji)散熱(re)片，將(jiang)變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)繞組、鐵芯、高(gao)(gao)(gao)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)負(fu)(fu)(fu)荷(he)開(kai)(kai)關(guan)和熔(rong)斷(duan)器(qi)放(fang)入變(bian)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)(ya)器(qi)油箱(xiang)(xiang)中(zhong)。
避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)也采(cai)用(yong)(yong)油(you)浸(jin)式(shi)(shi)金屬氧化物避(bi)雷(lei)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)取消(xiao)油(you)枕(zhen)，采(cai)取油(you)加氣隙(xi)體(ti)積(ji)(ji)(ji)恒定原則設計(ji)密封式(shi)(shi)油(you)箱(xiang)(xiang)，油(you)箱(xiang)(xiang)及散熱器(qi)(qi)(qi)暴露在空氣中(zhong)，沒有散熱困難。低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓斷路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)塑(su)(su)殼(ke)斷路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)作為(wei)主斷路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)及出(chu)線斷路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)。由于(yu)結(jie)構簡(jian)化，這種箱(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)電站的占(zhan)地面積(ji)(ji)(ji)和(he)體(ti)積(ji)(ji)(ji)大(da)大(da)減小(xiao)，由于(yu)其體(ti)積(ji)(ji)(ji)很小(xiao)再加上(shang)只是一側(ce)開(kai)門，其所需占(zhan)地面積(ji)(ji)(ji)僅是歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)的1/4，體(ti)積(ji)(ji)(ji)僅為(wei)同容(rong)量歐(ou)式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)的1/5-1/3。美(mei)式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)高壓側(ce)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)熔斷器(qi)(qi)(qi)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)，低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓側(ce)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)塑(su)(su)殼(ke)自動(dong)(dong)空氣斷路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)，與中(zhong)國(guo)10kV配變(bian)(bian)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)方式(shi)(shi)相同。高壓熔斷器(qi)(qi)(qi)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)變(bian)(bian)壓器(qi)(qi)(qi)內部(bu)故障(zhang)，自動(dong)(dong)空氣斷路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)保護(hu)(hu)(hu)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓側(ce)線路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)的過電流、短路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)、欠電壓故障(zhang)。美(mei)式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)存在的缺點。由于(yu)負荷開(kai)關浸(jin)在油(you)里，油(you)被電弧碳化、分解，產生乙炔等有害氣體(ti)，使得(de)(de)性能(neng)下(xia)降，曾(ceng)發生事故。看不到明顯斷開(kai)點，檢(jian)修(xiu)不方便。因為(wei)美(mei)國(guo)低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓保護(hu)(hu)(hu)及計(ji)量方式(shi)(shi)與中(zhong)國(guo)不同，美(mei)式(shi)(shi)箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)本身不帶低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓保護(hu)(hu)(hu)和(he)計(ji)量。為(wei)滿足國(guo)內用(yong)(yong)戶的需要，國(guo)產箱(xiang)(xiang)變(bian)(bian)在低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓側(ce)加裝低(di)(di)(di)(di)(di)壓配電柜(ju)。由于(yu)箱(xiang)(xiang)式(shi)(shi)變(bian)(bian)長期處(chu)于(yu)太(tai)陽的直曬(shai)下(xia)，影響塑(su)(su)殼(ke)斷路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)的散熱，使得(de)(de)斷路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)器(qi)(qi)(qi)不能(neng)正常開(kai)斷負載(zai)及短路(lu)(lu)(lu)(lu)電流，易引(yin)發高壓側(ce)故障(zhang)。